Heraldic cadency: the development of differencing of coats of arms for kinsmen and other purposes

Contents

Foreword / Giovanni Maresca di Serracapriola -- Introduction -- Instructions for colouring figures -- The origin of the need for differentiation in arms -- Cadet differencing by changes of tinctures -- Cadet differencing by geratting -- Differencing by the addition of an ordinary -- Cadet differencing by changing of charges -- Differencing by the addition of the label or file -- Differencing by canton or quarter -- Differencing by bordure -- The bend, bendlet, baston and bar in cadet differencing -- The inescutcheon -- Increase and decrease of charges for cadency -- Differencing for cadency per chevron and by composing coats -- Cadency differencing by quartering -- Cadency differencing by the addition of single or few charges -- Differencing by symbols of office -- Change of form of the lines of ordinaries, change of minor charges and addition of extraneous differences in cadency -- Composed arms for cadency differencing -- Feudal differencing -- Differencing and the crest -- Differences employed in early times for bastardy -- The beginnings of systematization in cadency -- Post-mediaeval differencing -- A comparison of major and minor brisure cadency in current practice -- Differencing today is still inherent in British as well as other systems of heraldry -- Modern differencing for illegitimate cadency.